Plants Around Us
You will learn about
* The parts of a plant
* Different kinds of plants
* Benefits of plants
* Trees as habitats for animals
Parts of a Plant
A group of students went on a field visit to a garden. Meena looked at a sapling closely and asked her teacher, “One part of this plant is green while the other part is brown in colour. Why is it so, teacher?”
The teacher explained, “Our body has different parts such as hands, legs and head. In the same way, plants also have different parts. They are of different colours. Let us learn about them”.
Let Us Discuss
Look at a plant. What do you see? Can you guess what the different parts of the plant do?
Every plant has a root and a shoot system.
Root System
The part of the plant that grows under the ground is called the root system.
Shoot System
The part of the plant that grows above the ground is called the shoot system. It consists of stem, leaf, flower and fruit.
Leaf
* Grows from the stem
* Most are green in colour
* Makes food for the plant
Flower
* Attractive, colourful
* Grows from a bud
* Has a specific smell
* Attracts birds and insects
Fruit
* Develops from the flower
* Some have seeds
* Most plants grow from seeds
Stem
* Main part of the shoot system
* Gives support
Root
* Fixes the plant in the soil
Activity: Label the Parts
Label the parts of a plant. (Flower, Leaf, Stem, Root, Fruit)
Different Kinds of Plants
Look at the picture and name some of the plants that you know. What else do you observe?
Answer: Mango tree, Pumpkin plant, Coconut tree, Hibiscus plant, Snake gourd plant
Plants are of different kinds. They can be grouped based on the size and nature of their stems.
Herbs
Herbs are small plants with thin and soft stems. Most of them live for a few months only; e.g., Mint, Coriander, Grass.
Shrubs
Shrubs are smaller than trees. They have many stems that grow close to the ground. The stems are thin and hard. Shrubs live for several years; e.g., Shoe flower, Oleander, Jasmine.
Climbers
Climbers have weak stems and they need support to climb and grow. Some of them live for a few months only; e.g., Broad beans, Snake gourd, Ridge gourd.
Creepers
Creepers are plants that have weak stems. They grow along the ground and bear large and heavy fruits. Many of them live for a few months only; e.g., Pumpkin, Watermelon, Muskmelon.
Trees
Big and tall plants are called trees. They have hard and thick woody stems called trunks. Trees have many branches. They live for many years; e.g., Banyan tree, Coconut tree, Mango tree.
Activity: Observe and Complete
Observe the pictures and complete the table.
Benefits of Plants
We get vegetables, fruits, cereals, pulses, spices, oil and medicines from trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers and creepers.
Vegetables
Fruits
Cereals and Pulses
Spices
Oils
Medicines
Do you know?
Coconut Oil is used both for cooking and as hair oil.
Activity: Find the odd one
Find the odd one in the group and put a tick (✓) mark.
Other Benefits of Plants
We use different parts of the plants in many other ways. Let us talk about it.
As Fibre
The thread - like structure taken from a plant is called a fibre. Fibres are used for making ropes and cloth. We use the ropes and cloth in many ways.
As Plates for Eating
As Timber
The thick trunks of some trees are used for making doors, windows, tables, chairs and other things.
As Cosmetics
As Household Things
Palm leaves are used to make boxes, baskets and hand fans. Bamboo is used to make paper, chairs and winnows.
As Ornamental Plants
Matching Activity
Try it yourself!
Match the plant on the left with the product it gives us on the right.
- Coconut Tree
- Cotton Plant
- Teak Tree
- Chair
- Rope
- Oil
Solution
Here is the correct matching:
Activity: Edible Plant Parts
Colour the parts of the plants that you can eat.
Tree as a Habitat
Let Us Discuss
Observe all the living beings in and around a tree and talk about them. The tree is a home (habitat) for many small animals such as birds, insects, squirrels and monkeys. It also gives us shade and clean air.
Activity: Spot the Animals
Tick (✓) the animals that you see on the given tree.
