Chapter: 6th Maths : Term 2 Unit 3 : Bill, Profit and Loss
Exercise 3.2
1. A shopkeeper buys three articles for ₹325, ₹450 and ₹510. He is able to sell them for ₹350, ₹425 and ₹525 respectively. Find the gain or loss to the shopkeeper on the whole.
Cost price of three articles = ₹ 325 + ₹ 450 + ₹ 510 = ₹ 1,285
Selling price of three articles = ₹ 350 + ₹ 425 + ₹ 525 = ₹ 1,300
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 1,300 − ₹ 1,285 = ₹ 15
Selling price of three articles = ₹ 350 + ₹ 425 + ₹ 525 = ₹ 1,300
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 1,300 − ₹ 1,285 = ₹ 15
2. A stationery shop owner bought a scientific calculator for ₹750. He had put a battery worth ₹100 in it. He had spent ₹50 for its outer pouch. He was able to sell it for ₹850. Find his profit or loss.
Cost price = ₹ 750
Cost of battery = ₹ 100
Cost of outer pouch = ₹ 50
Total cost price = ₹ 900
Selling Price = ₹ 850
C.P > S.P
Loss = C.P − S.P
= ₹ 900 − ₹ 850 = ₹ 50
Cost of battery = ₹ 100
Cost of outer pouch = ₹ 50
Total cost price = ₹ 900
Selling Price = ₹ 850
C.P > S.P
Loss = C.P − S.P
= ₹ 900 − ₹ 850 = ₹ 50
3. Nathan paid ₹800 and bought 10 bottles of honey from a village vendor. He sold them in a city for ₹100 per bottle. Find his profit or loss.
Cost price = ₹ 800
S.P of 1 bottle of honey = ₹ 100
S.P of 10 bottles of honey = ₹ 100 × 10 = ₹ 1,000
S.P = 1,000
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 1,000 − ₹ 800 = ₹ 200
S.P of 1 bottle of honey = ₹ 100
S.P of 10 bottles of honey = ₹ 100 × 10 = ₹ 1,000
S.P = 1,000
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 1,000 − ₹ 800 = ₹ 200
4. A man bought 400 metre of cloth for ₹60,000 and sold it at the rate of ₹400 per metre. Find his profit or loss.
Challenge Problems
C.P of 400 metre of cloth = ₹ 60,000
S.P of 1 metre of cloth = ₹ 400
S.P of 400 metre of cloth = ₹ 400 × 400 = ₹ 1,60,000
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 1,60,000 − ₹ 60,000 = ₹ 1,00,000
S.P of 1 metre of cloth = ₹ 400
S.P of 400 metre of cloth = ₹ 400 × 400 = ₹ 1,60,000
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 1,60,000 − ₹ 60,000 = ₹ 1,00,000
5. A fruit seller bought 2 dozen bananas at ₹20 a dozen and sold them at ₹3 per banana. Find his gain or loss.
C.P of one dozen bananas = ₹ 20
C.P of 2 dozen bananas = ₹ 20 × 2 = ₹ 40
2 dozen = 2 × 12 = 24 bananas.
S.P of one banana = ₹ 3
S.P of 24 bananas = ₹ 3 × 24 = ₹ 72
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 72 − ₹ 40 = ₹ 32
C.P of 2 dozen bananas = ₹ 20 × 2 = ₹ 40
2 dozen = 2 × 12 = 24 bananas.
S.P of one banana = ₹ 3
S.P of 24 bananas = ₹ 3 × 24 = ₹ 72
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P
= ₹ 72 − ₹ 40 = ₹ 32
6. A store purchased pens at ₹216 per dozen. He paid ₹58 for conveyance and sold the pens at the discount of ₹2 per pen and made a overall profit of ₹50. Find the M.P. of each pen.
C.P of one dozen pens = ₹ 216
Conveyance charge = ₹ 58
Total C.P = ₹ 274
Profit = ₹ 50
S.P of one dozen pens = ₹ 274 + ₹ 50 = ₹ 324
S.P of one pen = ₹ 324 ÷ 12 = ₹ 27
Discount of one pen = ₹ 2
M.P of one pen = S.P + Discount
= ₹ 27 + ₹ 2 = ₹ 29
Conveyance charge = ₹ 58
Total C.P = ₹ 274
Profit = ₹ 50
S.P of one dozen pens = ₹ 274 + ₹ 50 = ₹ 324
S.P of one pen = ₹ 324 ÷ 12 = ₹ 27
Discount of one pen = ₹ 2
M.P of one pen = S.P + Discount
= ₹ 27 + ₹ 2 = ₹ 29
7. A vegetable vendor buys 10 kg of tomatoes per day at ₹10 per kg, for the first three days of a week. 1 kg of tomatoes got smashed on everyday for those 3 days. For the remaining 4 days of the week he buys 15 kg of tomatoes daily at ₹8 per kg. If for entire week he sells tomatoes at ₹20 per kg, then find his profit or loss for the week.
Tomatoes bought for first 3 days: 3 × 10 = 30 kg
C.P of first 30 kg = ₹ 10 × 30 = ₹ 300
Smashed tomatoes in 3 days: 3 × 1 = 3 kg
Remaining from first stock: 30 kg − 3 kg = 27 kg
Tomatoes bought for remaining 4 days: 4 × 15 = 60 kg
C.P of these 60 kg = ₹ 8 × 60 = ₹ 480
Total C.P for the week = ₹ 300 + ₹ 480 = ₹ 780
Total tomatoes to sell = 27 kg + 60 kg = 87 kg
S.P of tomatoes = ₹ 20 per kg
Total S.P = ₹ 20 × 87 = ₹ 1740
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P = ₹ 1740 − ₹ 780 = ₹ 960
C.P of first 30 kg = ₹ 10 × 30 = ₹ 300
Smashed tomatoes in 3 days: 3 × 1 = 3 kg
Remaining from first stock: 30 kg − 3 kg = 27 kg
Tomatoes bought for remaining 4 days: 4 × 15 = 60 kg
C.P of these 60 kg = ₹ 8 × 60 = ₹ 480
Total C.P for the week = ₹ 300 + ₹ 480 = ₹ 780
Total tomatoes to sell = 27 kg + 60 kg = 87 kg
S.P of tomatoes = ₹ 20 per kg
Total S.P = ₹ 20 × 87 = ₹ 1740
C.P < S.P
Profit = S.P − C.P = ₹ 1740 − ₹ 780 = ₹ 960
8. An electrician buys a used T.V. for ₹12,000 and a used Fridge for ₹11,000. After spending ₹1000 on repairing the T.V. and ₹1500 on painting the Fridge, he fixes up the M.P. of T.V. as ₹15,000 and that of Fridge as ₹15,500. If he gives ₹1000 discount on each find his profit or loss.
For T.V.:
Total cost price = ₹ 12,000 + ₹ 1,000 = ₹ 13,000
S.P = M.P - Discount = ₹ 15,000 − ₹ 1,000 = ₹ 14,000
Profit on T.V = ₹ 14,000 − ₹ 13,000 = ₹ 1,000
For Fridge:
Total cost price = ₹ 11,000 + ₹ 1,500 = ₹ 12,500
S.P = M.P - Discount = ₹ 15,500 − ₹ 1,000 = ₹ 14,500
Profit on Fridge = ₹ 14,500 − ₹ 12,500 = ₹ 2,000
Total profit = ₹ 1000 + ₹ 2000 = ₹ 3,000
Total cost price = ₹ 12,000 + ₹ 1,000 = ₹ 13,000
S.P = M.P - Discount = ₹ 15,000 − ₹ 1,000 = ₹ 14,000
Profit on T.V = ₹ 14,000 − ₹ 13,000 = ₹ 1,000
For Fridge:
Total cost price = ₹ 11,000 + ₹ 1,500 = ₹ 12,500
S.P = M.P - Discount = ₹ 15,500 − ₹ 1,000 = ₹ 14,500
Profit on Fridge = ₹ 14,500 − ₹ 12,500 = ₹ 2,000
Total profit = ₹ 1000 + ₹ 2000 = ₹ 3,000
ANSWERS Summary: Exercise 3.2
1. Gain = ₹15
2. Loss = ₹50
3. Profit = ₹200
4. Profit = ₹1,00,000
5. Gain = ₹32
6. M.P. = ₹29
7. Profit = ₹960
8. Profit = ₹3000